Maintaining the proper water chemistry in your hot tub is crucial for a comfortable and enjoyable experience. One critical aspect is water hardness, which refers to the mineral content, primarily calcium and magnesium. Low hardness can lead to several problems, including corrosion of equipment and cloudy water. This guide explains how to raise hardness in your hot tub safely and effectively.
What is Water Hardness, and Why is it Important?
Water hardness is measured in parts per million (ppm) or grains per gallon (gpg). Ideally, your hot tub water should have a hardness level between 80 and 150 ppm (or 5 and 9 gpg). Hardness levels below this range are considered "soft," while levels above are "hard." Soft water is corrosive and can damage your hot tub's components, including the heater, plumbing, and shell. It can also cause cloudy water and scaling issues.
How to Test Your Hot Tub's Hardness
Before adding any chemicals, you must accurately determine your hot tub's current hardness level. This requires a reliable water testing kit, which you can purchase at most pool and spa supply stores. These kits typically include test strips or a liquid reagent to measure hardness. Follow the kit's instructions carefully for accurate results.
What to Use to Increase Hardness?
The most common and effective way to raise hardness in a hot tub is by using calcium chloride. This readily dissolves in water and adds calcium, directly increasing the hardness. Avoid using calcium hypochlorite (chlorine tablets) solely for increasing hardness; it primarily serves as a sanitizer.
How Much Calcium Chloride Should I Add?
The amount of calcium chloride needed depends on your hot tub's water volume and the desired hardness level. Always refer to the instructions on your chosen calcium chloride product for specific dosage recommendations. Typically, you'll add it gradually, testing the water after each addition, until you reach the desired hardness level (80-150 ppm).
How to Add Calcium Chloride to Your Hot Tub
- Turn off the hot tub's jets and circulation pump.
- Dissolve the calcium chloride in a bucket of hot tub water before adding it directly to the spa. This prevents clumping and ensures even distribution.
- Pour the dissolved calcium chloride into the hot tub. Distribute the solution evenly around the spa.
- Run the jets for at least 30 minutes to thoroughly mix the solution.
- Test the water again after a few hours to ensure the hardness level is within the acceptable range.
What if My Hardness is Too High?
While low hardness is more common, excessively high hardness can also cause problems, including scaling on your hot tub's surfaces. If your water hardness is too high, you'll need to dilute it by partially draining the hot tub and refilling it with fresh water. Always check your local water hardness levels to determine if this is necessary.
How Often Should I Check and Adjust My Hot Tub's Hardness?
It's recommended to test and adjust your hot tub's hardness at least once a month, or more frequently if you notice any signs of corrosion, cloudy water, or other water quality issues. Regular maintenance is key to preserving your hot tub's longevity and ensuring a consistently enjoyable bathing experience.
How to Prevent Low Hardness in the Future
Regular testing and adjusting hardness levels will prevent future low hardness issues. To minimize fluctuations, consider using a pre-treatment solution before initial filling or after a significant water change.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can I use other chemicals to increase water hardness?
While calcium chloride is the most common and effective method, other products are available, but always check compatibility with your hot tub system and other chemicals before use.
What are the signs of low water hardness in a hot tub?
Signs include cloudy water, scaling, and corrosion of metal components.
Can I add calcium chloride while the hot tub is in use?
It's best practice to turn off the jets and pump before adding any chemicals to ensure even distribution and prevent potential damage to equipment.
What happens if I add too much calcium chloride?
Adding too much calcium chloride will result in excessively hard water, leading to scaling. It will require partial draining and refilling with fresh water to correct.
By following these guidelines, you can maintain the proper water hardness levels in your hot tub, ensuring a clean, safe, and enjoyable hot tubbing experience. Remember always to prioritize safety and consult your hot tub's manual for specific recommendations.
